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Reference: T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998. Biol. Rev. 73
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Article

Cavalier-Smith, T. 1998. A revised six-kingdom system of life. Biol. Rev. 73: 203-266.

Keywords

organisms

New: Original name

Bigyra (Phylum) Caval.-Sm. (1998)Page: table 7 (p. 252). ("phyl. nov.").
Glomomycetes (Class) Caval.-Sm. (1998)Page: table 5 (p. 246) ("cl. nov.").

New: Original name, rank & spelling

Dictyomycotina (Subphylum) Caval.-Sm. (1998)Page: table 5 (p. 246) ("subphyl. nov.").
Erythrobasidiales (Order) Caval.-Sm. (1998), nom. nud.Page: table 5 (p. 248).
Tremellomycetidae (Subclass) Caval.-Sm. (1998)Page: table 5 (p. 248: "Fries 1821 stat. nov. Wells 1994", "subcl. nov.").

New: Subsequent rank

Acanthocephala (Infraphylum) Rudolphi, 1809Page: 236.
Actinobacteria (Infraphylum) (Margulis 1974) Cavalier-Smith 1998Page: 219.
Alphabacteria (Infraphylum) (Cavalier-Smith 1992) Cavalier-Smith 1998Page: 218.
Anthocerotae (Subphylum) (auct.) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 250.
Anthozoa (Subphylum) Ehrenberg, 1831Page: 235.
Appendicularia (Subphylum) Lahille, 1890Page: 237.
Archaebacteria (Infrakingdom) (Woese and Fox 1977) Cavalier-Smith 1998Page: 219.
Archamoebae (Infraphylum) Cavalier-Smith, 1983Page: 232.
Ascetospora (Superclass) (Sprague, 1979) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 233.
Calcispongiae (Subphylum) (Blainville, 1834) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 235.
Cercomeromorpha (Infraphylum) (Bychowsky, 1937) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 237.
Chaetognathi (Infrakingdom) (Leuckart, 1854) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 236.
Charophytae (Infraphylum) (Engl., 1887) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 250.
Chordonia (Infrakingdom) (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 237.
Clavomycetidae (Subclass) (Fr., 1821) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 248.
Coelomopora (Infrakingdom) (Marcus, 1958) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 237.
†Conodonta (Infraphylum) Eichenberg, 1930Page: 237.
Cormophyta (Infrakingdom) Caval.-Sm. (1998)Page: 250.
Cycliophora (Subphylum) (Funch & Kristensen, 1995) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 235.
Diplonemia (Superclass) (Cavalier-Smith, 1993) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 232.
Echiura (Subphylum) Sedgwick, 1898Page: 236.
Enteropneusta (Subphylum) Gegenbaur, 1870Page: 237.
Eobacteria (Superphylum) (Cavalier-Smith 1992a) Cavalier-Smith 1998Page: 218.
Eumyxa (Superclass) (Cavalier-Smith, 1993) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 232.
Euryarcheota (Subphylum) (C.R. Woese et al. 1990) Cavalier-Smith 1998Page: 219.
Filices (Infraphylum) (L.) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 251.
Glossophora (Subphylum) (Lankester, 1889) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 235.
Gregarinae (Subphylum) (Haeckel, 1866) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 233.
Gymnolaemata (Subphylum) (Allman, 1856) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 235.
Hematozoa (Superclass) Vivier, 1982Page: 233.
Hemibasidiomycetia (Superclass) (Engl., 1897) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 248.
Hepaticae (Subphylum) (auct.) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 250.
Hyalospongiae (Subphylum) (Vosmaer, 1886) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 235.
Hymenomycetia (Superclass) (Fr., 1821) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 248.
Lycophytae (Infraphylum) (auct.) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 251.
Mucoromycetidae (Subclass) (Fr., 1832) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 246.
Musci (Subphylum) (L.) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 250.
Mycetozoa (Infraphylum) de Bary, 1859 ex Rostafinski, 1873Page: 232.
Nematomorpha (Infraphylum) (Vejovsky, 1886) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 236.
Neodermata (Subphylum) (Ehlers, 1985) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 237.
Pileomycetidae (Subclass) (Fr., 1821) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 248.
Pimelobacteria (Superphylum) (Cavalier-Smith 1992) Cavalier-Smith 1998Page: 218.
Placozoa (Infrakingdom) (Grell, 1971) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 235.
Pogonophora (Subphylum) Johannson, 1937Page: 236.
Polyzoa (Superphylum) Thompson, 1830Page: 235.
Posibacteria (Infrakingdom) (Cavalier-Smith 1987) Cavalier-Smith 1998Page: 218.
Pteridophytina (Subphylum) (Eichler) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 251.
Pterobranchia (Subphylum) Lankester, 1878Page: 237.
Rhabditophora (Infraphylum) (Ehlers, 1985) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: table 4 (p. 237).
Rhodobacteria (Subphylum) Cavalier-Smith 1998Page: 218.
Rotifera (Infraphylum) Cuvier, 1798Page: 236.
Saccharomycetidae (Subclass) (de Bary) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 247.
Sarcomastigota (Infrakingdom) Cavalier-Smith, 1983Page: 232.
Selenobacteria (Subphylum) (Cavalier-Smith 1992) Cavalier-Smith 1998Page: 218.
Spermatophytina (Subphylum) Caval.-Sm. (1998)Page: 251.
Sphagneae (Infraphylum) (auct.) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 250.
Sphenophytae (Infraphylum) (auct.) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 251.
Spirochaetae (Phylum) (Ehrenberg 1855) Cavalier-Smith 1998Page: 218.
Sporidiomycetidae (Subclass) (Moore, 1980) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 248.
Sulfobacteria (Subphylum) (Cavalier-Smith 1986) Cavalier-Smith 1998Page: 219.
Tardigrada (Subphylum) Doyère, 1840Page: 236.
Togobacteria (Subphylum) Cavalier-Smith 1998Page: 219.
Trematoda (Infraphylum) Rudolphi, 1808Page: 237.
†Trilobitomorpha (Subphylum) Størmer, 1944Page: 236.
Univalvia (Infraphylum) (Linnaeus, 1758) Cavalier-Smith, 1998Page: 235.
Uredomycetidae (Subclass) (Brogniart) Cavalier-Sm. (1998)Page: 248.

New: Subsequent rank (orig. spell.)

Ascomycota (Phylum) Caval.-Sm. (1998)Page: table 5 (p. 247) ("Berkeley 1857 stat nov.").
Dictyostelia (Superclass) Olive, 1970Page: table 3 (p. 232: "Lister 1909 stat. nov.").
Ecdysozoa (Infrakingdom) Aguinaldo, Turbeville, Linford, Rivera, Garey, Raff & Lake, 1997Page: table 4 (p. 236) ("infrak. nov.", "Name suggested for this clade minus Loricifera by Aguinaldo et al. 1997").
Nemathelminthes (Superphylum) Gegenbaur, 1859Page: table 4 (p. 236) ("superphyl. nov.").
Nematoda (Infraphylum) Gegenbaur, 1859Page: table 4 (p. 236) ("Gegenbaur 1859 orthog. em. stat. nov.").
Nematoida (Subphylum) Rudolphi, 1808Page: table 4 (p. 236) ("Rudolphi 1808 (as Nematoidea) orth. em. stat. nov.").

New: Subsequent use as a botanical name

Blastocystea (Class) Zierdt (1978)Page: 257; 203, 259. ("cl. nov.").
Opalinata (Subphylum) Earl (1971)Page: table 7 (p. 252).
Opalinea (Class) Wenyon (1926)Page: 259 ("Chromista", "Botanical Code of Nomenclature").

New: Subsequent spelling

Buxtehudia (Genus) Cavalier-Smith, 1998, nom. inval.Page: table 5 (p. 247).

New: Emended definition [PhyloCode]

neokaryotes ([unranked]) Cavalier-Smith, 1993Page: 231 ("Neozoa plus the four higher kingdoms of life"); fig. 3 ("the clade consisting of all descendants of the most recent common ancestor of Neozoa").

New: Emended diagnosis (emend.)

Amoebozoa (Phylum) Lühe, 1913Page: table 3 (p. 232: "Lühe 1913 stat. nov. em. [emended diagnosis: ...]").
Mesozoa (Subkingdom) van Beneden, 1876Page: tables 1 (p. 209) ("Van Beneden 1877 stat. nov."), 4 (p. 237) ("subking. nov.").
Nemathelminthes (Phylum) Gegenbaur, 1859Page: table 4 (p. 236) ("em. (diagnosis as for the superphylum)").

New: Subsequent publication

Chytridiomycetes (Class) Moebius (1929)Page: table 5 (p. 246) ("De Bary 1863 stat. nov. Sparrow 1958 em. Cavalier-Smith 1981").

Original Classification (root)

([unranked]) organisms
([unranked]) unimembrana

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